物件導向課練習題 — 簡易暗棋遊戲

類別

棋子

屬性 — 隊伍、位階、國字、蓋&翻狀態。
方法 — 初始化、可否翻棋。

棋盤

屬性 — 4x8 的棋盤陣列、輪到誰。
方法 — 放棋子&初始化、打亂、顯示(刷新)棋局、移動、可否移動。
​

棋子類別

其中初始化以建構子完成、可否翻為布林函數(亦可為屬性)。

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class chiz {
    String team;     // 紅:r , 黑:b
    int level;       // 將帥:0 , 士仕:1...
    String wd;       // 將士象 , 帥仕相
    int status;      // 蓋:0 , 翻:1
    chiz(String steam, int slevel, String sface, int sstatus) {
        team = steam;
        level = slevel;
        wd = sface;
        status = sstatus;
    }
    boolean flipable() {
        return status == 0 ? true : false;
    }
    void flip() {
        status = 1;
    }
}

​

棋盤類別

chiz[][] grd 為存放 4x8 個棋子的陣列。
int turn 為回合輪到 玩家1 / 玩家2。

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class board {
    chiz[][] grd;
    int turn;      // 1:玩家1 , -1:玩家2

​

init() 的初始化方法

建立陣列、設定 turn=1 表第一回合為 玩家1。
依 chiz 建構子逐一建立棋子物件於陣列中。

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void init() {
        grd = new chiz[4][8];
        turn = 1;
        grd[0][0] = new chiz("r", 0, "帥", 0);
        grd[0][1] = new chiz("r", 1, "仕", 0);
        grd[0][2] = new chiz("r", 1, "仕", 0);
        grd[0][3] = new chiz("r", 2, "相", 0);
        grd[0][4] = new chiz("r", 2, "相", 0);
        grd[0][5] = new chiz("r", 3, "俥", 0);
        grd[0][6] = new chiz("r", 3, "俥", 0);
        grd[0][7] = new chiz("r", 4, "傌", 0);
        grd[1][0] = new chiz("r", 4, "傌", 0);
        grd[1][1] = new chiz("r", 5, "炮", 0);
        grd[1][2] = new chiz("r", 5, "炮", 0);
        grd[1][3] = new chiz("r", 6, "兵", 0);
        grd[1][4] = new chiz("r", 6, "兵", 0);
        grd[1][5] = new chiz("r", 6, "兵", 0);
        grd[1][6] = new chiz("r", 6, "兵", 0);
        grd[1][7] = new chiz("r", 6, "兵", 0);
        grd[2][0] = new chiz("b", 0, "將", 0);
        grd[2][1] = new chiz("b", 1, "士", 0);
        grd[2][2] = new chiz("b", 1, "士", 0);
        grd[2][3] = new chiz("b", 0, "象", 0);
        grd[2][4] = new chiz("b", 0, "象", 0);
        grd[2][5] = new chiz("b", 0, "車", 0);
        grd[2][6] = new chiz("b", 0, "車", 0);
        grd[2][7] = new chiz("b", 0, "馬", 0);
        grd[3][0] = new chiz("b", 0, "馬", 0);
        grd[3][1] = new chiz("b", 0, "包", 0);
        grd[3][2] = new chiz("b", 0, "包", 0);
        grd[3][3] = new chiz("b", 0, "卒", 0);
        grd[3][4] = new chiz("b", 0, "卒", 0);
        grd[3][5] = new chiz("b", 0, "卒", 0);
        grd[3][6] = new chiz("b", 0, "卒", 0);
        grd[3][7] = new chiz("b", 0, "卒", 0);
    }

​

打亂的 rnd() 方法

隨機抓取兩組座標進行交換。

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void rnd() {
        for(int i=0 ; i<200 ; i++) {
            int x1 = (int) (Math.random() * 8);
            int y1 = (int) (Math.random() * 4);
            int x2 = (int) (Math.random() * 8);
            int y2 = (int) (Math.random() * 4);
            chiz tmp;
            tmp = grd[y1][x1];
            grd[y1][x1] = grd[y2][x2];
            grd[y2][x2] = tmp;

        }
    }

​

顯示棋盤的 show() 方法

show() — 兩層迴圈搭配判斷應顯示為空白(3個空白字元) / 棋字 / 口(未翻狀態)。

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void show() {
        for(int i=0 ; i<4 ; i++) {
            for(int j=0 ; j<8 ; j++)
                if(grd[i][j] == null)
                    System.out.print("   ");
                else if(grd[i][j].status == 1)
                    System.out.print(grd[i][j].wd + " ");
                else if(grd[i][j].status == 0)
                    System.out.print("口 ");
            System.out.println();
        }
    }

​

移動棋子的 move()

將第 2 組座標的陣列位置設定為第 1 組座標，並將第 1 組座標的物件變數設為 null。
若棋子不止有 0:未翻、1:已翻 的狀態，亦可先將第 2 組座標上的棋子設定狀態為 2:死亡，可當作列出已有哪些棋子被吃掉的判斷。
由於 move() 其實是 “吃” 或 “移動”, 所以第 2 組座標要將狀態設為 2，應先判斷第 2 組座標為 !=null。

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void move(int y1, int x1, int y2, int x2) {
        if(grd[y2][x2] != null)
           grd[y2][x2].status = 2;
        grd[y2][x2] = grd[y1][x1];
        grd[y1][x1] = null;
    }

​

給定兩組座標，判斷可否移動

​

回傳布林的 movable()

初始值 movable = false，最後 return 回傳。
“炮” 的部份需要注意 — 上到下或下到上、左到右或右到左。

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boolean movable(int y1, int x1, int y2, int x2) {
        boolean movable = false;
        if(grd[y1][x1] != null && grd[y1][x1].status == 1)
        if(grd[y2][x2] == null)
           movable = true;
        else if(grd[y2][x2].status == 1 && !grd[y1][x1].team.equals(grd[y2][x2].team))
            if(grd[y1][x1].level == 5) {
                int cnt = 0, f = 0, t = 0;
                if(x1 == x2) {
                    if(y1 > y2) {
                        f = y2;
                        t = y1;
                    } else {
                        f = y1;
                        t = y2;
                    }
                    for(int i=f+1 ; i<t ; i++)
                        if(grd[i][x1] != null)
                            cnt++;
                } else if (y1 == y2) {
                    if(x1 > x2) {
                        f = x2;
                        t = x1;
                    } else {
                        f = x1;
                        t = x2;
                    }
                    for(int i=f+1 ; i<t ; i++)
                        if(grd[y1][i] != null)
                            cnt++;
                }
                if(cnt == 1)
                   movable = true;
            } else if(!(grd[y1][x1].level == 0 && grd[y2][x2].level == 0) && grd[y1][x1].level <= grd[y2][x2].level)
                movable = true;
            else if(grd[y1][x1].level == 6 && grd[y2][x2].level == 0)
                movable = true;

        return movable;
    }

​
​

程式成果

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import java.util.Scanner;

class chiz {
    String team;     // 紅:r , 黑:b
    int level;       // 將帥:0 , 士仕:1...
    String wd;       // 將士象 , 帥仕相
    int status;      // 蓋:0 , 翻:1
    chiz(String steam, int slevel, String sface, int sstatus) {
        team = steam;
        level = slevel;
        wd = sface;
        status = sstatus;
    }
    boolean flipable() {
        return status == 0 ? true : false;
    }
    void flip() {
        status = 1;
    }
}

class board {
    chiz[][] grd;
    int turn;      // 1:玩家1 , -1:玩家2

    void init() {
        grd = new chiz[4][8];
        turn = 1;
        grd[0][0] = new chiz("r", 0, "帥", 0);
        grd[0][1] = new chiz("r", 1, "仕", 0);
        grd[0][2] = new chiz("r", 1, "仕", 0);
        grd[0][3] = new chiz("r", 2, "相", 0);
        grd[0][4] = new chiz("r", 2, "相", 0);
        grd[0][5] = new chiz("r", 3, "俥", 0);
        grd[0][6] = new chiz("r", 3, "俥", 0);
        grd[0][7] = new chiz("r", 4, "傌", 0);
        grd[1][0] = new chiz("r", 4, "傌", 0);
        grd[1][1] = new chiz("r", 5, "炮", 0);
        grd[1][2] = new chiz("r", 5, "炮", 0);
        grd[1][3] = new chiz("r", 6, "兵", 0);
        grd[1][4] = new chiz("r", 6, "兵", 0);
        grd[1][5] = new chiz("r", 6, "兵", 0);
        grd[1][6] = new chiz("r", 6, "兵", 0);
        grd[1][7] = new chiz("r", 6, "兵", 0);
        grd[2][0] = new chiz("b", 0, "將", 0);
        grd[2][1] = new chiz("b", 1, "士", 0);
        grd[2][2] = new chiz("b", 1, "士", 0);
        grd[2][3] = new chiz("b", 0, "象", 0);
        grd[2][4] = new chiz("b", 0, "象", 0);
        grd[2][5] = new chiz("b", 0, "車", 0);
        grd[2][6] = new chiz("b", 0, "車", 0);
        grd[2][7] = new chiz("b", 0, "馬", 0);
        grd[3][0] = new chiz("b", 0, "馬", 0);
        grd[3][1] = new chiz("b", 0, "包", 0);
        grd[3][2] = new chiz("b", 0, "包", 0);
        grd[3][3] = new chiz("b", 0, "卒", 0);
        grd[3][4] = new chiz("b", 0, "卒", 0);
        grd[3][5] = new chiz("b", 0, "卒", 0);
        grd[3][6] = new chiz("b", 0, "卒", 0);
        grd[3][7] = new chiz("b", 0, "卒", 0);
    }
    void rnd() {
        for(int i=0 ; i<200 ; i++) {
            int x1 = (int) (Math.random() * 8);
            int y1 = (int) (Math.random() * 4);
            int x2 = (int) (Math.random() * 8);
            int y2 = (int) (Math.random() * 4);
            chiz tmp;
            tmp = grd[y1][x1];
            grd[y1][x1] = grd[y2][x2];
            grd[y2][x2] = tmp;

        }
    }
    void show() {
        for(int i=0 ; i<4 ; i++) {
            for(int j=0 ; j<8 ; j++)
                if(grd[i][j] == null)
                    System.out.print("   ");
                else if(grd[i][j].status == 1)
                    System.out.print(grd[i][j].wd + " ");
                else if(grd[i][j].status == 0)
                    System.out.print("口 ");
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
    void move(int y1, int x1, int y2, int x2) {
        if(grd[y2][x2] != null)
           grd[y2][x2].status = 2;
        grd[y2][x2] = grd[y1][x1];
        grd[y1][x1] = null;
    }
    boolean movable(int y1, int x1, int y2, int x2) {
        boolean movable = false;
        if(grd[y1][x1] != null && grd[y1][x1].status == 1)
        if(grd[y2][x2] == null)
           movable = true;
        else if(grd[y2][x2].status == 1 && !grd[y1][x1].team.equals(grd[y2][x2].team))
            if(grd[y1][x1].level == 5) {
                int cnt = 0, f = 0, t = 0;
                if(x1 == x2) {
                    if(y1 > y2) {
                        f = y2;
                        t = y1;
                    } else {
                        f = y1;
                        t = y2;
                    }
                    for(int i=f+1 ; i<t ; i++)
                        if(grd[i][x1] != null)
                            cnt++;
                } else if (y1 == y2) {
                    if(x1 > x2) {
                        f = x2;
                        t = x1;
                    } else {
                        f = x1;
                        t = x2;
                    }
                    for(int i=f+1 ; i<t ; i++)
                        if(grd[y1][i] != null)
                            cnt++;
                }
                if(cnt == 1)
                   movable = true;
            } else if(!(grd[y1][x1].level == 0 && grd[y2][x2].level == 0) && grd[y1][x1].level <= grd[y2][x2].level)
                movable = true;
            else if(grd[y1][x1].level == 6 && grd[y2][x2].level == 0)
                movable = true;

        return movable;
    }
}
public class game {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
    board br = new board();                                   // 建立棋盤物件
    br.init();                                                // 初始化
    br.rnd();                                                 // 打亂
    br.show();
    Scanner sc = new  Scanner(System.in);
    String cmd = "";
    do {
        System.out.println(br.turn == 1 ? "P1:" : "P2:");     // 棋盤回傳(turn)紀錄為1顯示P1:，否則顯示為P2:     
        cmd = sc.nextLine();
        String token[] = cmd.split(",");
        if(token.length == 2) {                               // 拆解後若有兩個數字，則表示欲翻棋
            int y1 = Integer.parseInt(token[0]);
            int x1 = Integer.parseInt(token[1]);
            if(br.grd[y1][x1].flipable()) {                   // 若y1,x1位置可翻棋
               br.grd[y1][x1].flip();                         // 翻開
               br.turn *= -1;                                 // 回傳(turn)換手
            }
        } else if(token.length == 4) {
            int y1 = Integer.parseInt(token[0]);
            int x1 = Integer.parseInt(token[1]);
            int y2 = Integer.parseInt(token[2]);
            int x2 = Integer.parseInt(token[3]);
            if(br.movable(y1, x1, y2, x2)) {                  // 如果可以的話就移動、換手
               br.move(y1, x1, y2, x2);
               br.turn *= -1;
            }
        }
        br.show();                                            // 重新顯示(刷新棋盤)
    } while (!cmd.equals("end"));
    sc.close();
   }
}

​

可修改處

1. 可將 init()、rnd() 加上 private。

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private void init() {
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private void rnd() {

2. 增加 board 建構子，並叫用 init()、rnd()。

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board() {
    init();
    rnd();
}

主程式變動:

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public static void main(String[] args) {
    board br = new board();
    // br.init();
    // br.rnd();
    // br.show();
    Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
    String cmd = "";
    do {
        br.show();